One of the main areas of interest in nutrition science concerns the therapeutic benefits of phytonutrients, otherwise known as phytochemicals. These naturally occurring substances give plants their characteristic taste, color and aroma as well as human resistance to disease. Thousands of phytonutrients have been identified in fruit, vegetables, grains, seeds, algae and nuts. The benefits to humans are considerable, as they help prevent serious ailments such as tumors and cardiovascular diseases. Per example, two phytochemicals present in plant species of the cruciferous family (to which broccoli and cauliflower belong), known as indole-3 carbinol and sulforaphane, they promote the metabolization of toxins and are linked to the prevention of certain types of cancer. Flavonoids, found in citrus fruits, provide protection against heart disease, stroke and cancer. Numerous phytochemicals are powerful antioxidants capable of defending the body from cell damage and environmental pollutants. Other phytonutrients help cells detoxify more efficiently. Per example, chlorophyll present in large quantities in green colored vegetables is a potent detoxifying phytochemical. In short, we need all the support that nature is able to offer to live well in a highly toxic environment such as today's world. Numerous phytochemicals are powerful antioxidants capable of defending the body from cell damage and environmental pollutants. Other phytonutrients help cells detoxify more efficiently. Per example, chlorophyll present in large quantities in green colored vegetables is a potent detoxifying phytochemical. In short, we need all the support that nature is able to offer to live well in a highly toxic environment such as today's world. Numerous phytochemicals are powerful antioxidants capable of defending the body from cell damage and environmental pollutants. Other phytonutrients help cells detoxify more efficiently. Per example, chlorophyll present in large quantities in green colored vegetables is a potent detoxifying phytochemical. In short, we need all the support that nature is able to offer to live well in a highly toxic environment such as today's world.
The truth is that man is what he eats. People who grew up on diets based on whole foods, including large amounts of plant foods, are more likely not to get cancer, cardiovascular disease and other ailments. Numerous other benefits associated with phytochemicals are yet to be discovered.
Agenti fitochimici |
Sources | Property | Pathologies |
Phenolic acids | broccoli, berries, tomatoes, cabbage, whole grains | antioxidant action | cancer prevention |
Ellagic acid | berries, grapes, apples, tea | detoxifying action | cancer prevention |
Gallic acid | green tea, red wine | antioxidant action, strengthening of the immune system | infections, heart diseases |
Bioflavonoids | fruits and vegetables | antioxidant action, cancer prevention | arthritis, tumors, vascular disorders |
Catechins | berries, tea (especially green tea) | antioxidant and detoxifying action | hypercholesterolemia, prevention of tumors and heart diseases |
Chlorophyll | green plants and other highly colored vegetables | antioxidant action, high vitamin K content | anemia, detoxification, burns and injuries, cancer prevention |
Organic sulfur compounds | garlic, onions, chives | antioxidant action, strengthening of the immune system, detoxifying action | prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, strengthening of the immune system, general detoxification |
Curcumin | turmeric | anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant action | arthritis, inflammatory intestinal disorders, tumors |
Fructo-oligosaccharides | Jerusalem artichoke, chicory root, garlic, bananas | detoxifying action, growth of bacterial flora | disorders affecting the digestive tract, such as irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, proliferation of fungal agents, tumors, vaginitis |
Flavone glycosides | ginkgo biloba, black tea | antioxidant action, improvement of blood circulation | heart disease, kidney disease, varicose veins, depression, poor memory |
Glucosinolati | vegetables from the cruciferous family (broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts) | detoxifying action, maintaining hormonal balance | cancer prevention, general detoxification |
Character | vegetables from the cruciferous family (broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts) | detoxifying action, maintaining balance | cancer prevention (especially secondary to hormonal disorders, such as breast and prostate cancers) |
Isoflavoni | soy | maintaining hormonal balance | premenstrual syndrome, menopause, cancer prevention |
Isotiociati | broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, horseradish | detoxifying action | cancer prevention |
Lycopene | tomatoes, black grapes | antioxidant action | cancer prevention and treatment |
Lignans | flax seeds, nuts | strengthening the immune system, maintaining hormonal balance | prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases |
Limonoids | citrus fruits and peels | detoxifying action | prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases |
Allylic sulfides | garlic, onions | aid to detoxification | tumors |
Sulforafano | vegetables from the cruciferous family (broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts) | detoxifying action, maintaining hormonal balance | cancer prevention |
Terpeni | citrus fruits | cancer prevention | cancer prevention, hormonal balance |
Bibliographical references
Bernstein, J., Alpert, S., Nauss, K., Suskind, R., «Depression of lymphocyte transformation following glucose ingestion», American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, n. 30, 1977, p.613Sito web dell'EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), 2000
Marlett, J., Cheung, T., «Database and quick methods of assessing typical Fibre intake using data for 228 commonly consumed foods», Journal of the American Dietetic Association, n. 97, 1997, pp. 1139-1147
Ringsdorf, W., Cheraskin, E., Ramsay, R., «Sucrose, neutrophilic phagocytosis, and resistance to disease», Dental Survey, n. 52, 1976, pp. 46-48
Rudin, D. O., Felix, C., The Omega 3 Phenomenon, New York, Rawlinson Associates, 1987
Skinner, J. D., Carruth B. R., Houck, K. S., Morris M., Cox, D. R., Moran, J. III, Coletta, F., «Longitudinal study of nutrient and food intakes of white preschool children aged 24 to 60 months», Journal of the American Dietetic Association, n. 99 (12), 1999, pp. 1514-1521
Smith, B., «Organic foods versus supermarket foods. Element levels», Journal of Applied Nutrition, n. 45, 1993, pp. 35-39